Italica (Spanish: Itálica) was an ancient Roman city in Hispania; its site is close to the town of Santiponce in the province of Seville, Spain. It was founded in 206 BC by Roman general Scipio as a colonia for his Italic veterans and named after them. Italica later grew attracting new migrants from the Italian peninsula and also with the children of Roman soldiers and native women.
Italica was the first Roman settlement in Spain. It was founded in 206 BC by Publius Cornelius Scipio during the Second Punic War close to a native Iberian town of the Turdetani (dating back at least to the 4th c. BC) as a settlement for his Italic veterans, a mixture of socii and Roman citizens, and therefore named Italica after its inhabitants.
As no modern city covered many of Italica's buildings of the nova urbs, the result is an unusually well-preserved Roman city with cobbled Roman streets and mosaic floors still in situ. Many rich finds can also be seen in the Seville Archaeological Museum, with its ...
Peterhof Palace, often called the Russian Versailles, is a grand imperial estate located about 30 km west of Saint Petersburg on the shores of the Gulf of Finland.
Commissioned by Peter the Great in the early 18th century, it was designed to rival the opulence of Louis XIV’s Versailles and celebrate Russia’s victories and emergence as a major European power.
Construction began around 1714, with the estate opening in 1723. The complex features the majestic Grand Palace, expanded in Baroque style by Bartolomeo Rastrelli in the 1750s for Empress Elizabeth, along with elegant smaller palaces like Monplaisir and Marly.
The highlight is its extraordinary park system, especially the Lower Park with over 150 fountains powered entirely by gravity and natural water pressure from distant springs—no pumps required.
The centerpiece is the spectacular Grand Cascade, with its 64 fountains, gilded sculptures, and the iconic Samson Fountain symbolizing Russia’s triumph over Sweden.
The formal Upper ...
Catherine’s Palace, also known as the Catherine Palace or Yekaterininsky Dvorets, stands as one of Russia’s most magnificent imperial residences in the town of Pushkin, formerly Tsarskoye Selo, about 30 kilometers south of St. Petersburg.
Originally a modest estate gifted by Peter the Great to his wife Catherine I in 1710, the site began with a simple two-story stone building constructed around 1717. It was their daughter, Empress Elizabeth, who transformed it into a lavish summer residence in the mid-18th century.
Under the direction of the renowned Italian architect Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli, the palace underwent a grand reconstruction between 1752 and 1756, resulting in the opulent Rococo-Baroque masterpiece visible today. Later, Empress Catherine the Great found the extravagant Baroque style overly ornate and commissioned more restrained Neoclassical interiors from architects such as Charles Cameron. The palace served as a favored summer home for the Russian imperial family until the ...
St. Petersburg, also known as Sankt-Peterburg, is Russia’s second-largest city with a population of around 5.6 million.
Situated on the Neva River delta where it meets the Gulf of Finland in northwestern Russia, it stands as the world’s northernmost city with over a million residents. Often called the “Venice of the North,” the city features an intricate network of canals, rivers, and more than 300 bridges that create a scenic, island-filled urban landscape. Its historic center blends Western European and Russian architectural styles, showcasing grand baroque and neoclassical palaces, cathedrals, and elegant embankments along the Neva River. This entire historic area is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The city was founded by Tsar
Peter the Great on May 27, 1703, during the Great Northern War against Sweden. Built on marshy and flood-prone land, it was designed as a strategic Baltic port and served as Peter’s deliberate “window on Europe.” His vision was to modernize Russia and ...
